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Srikant, Satya Sai
- Microwave Heating and Acid Leaching Processes for Recovery of Gold and Other Precious Metals from E-Waste
Abstract Views :281 |
PDF Views:71
Authors
Affiliations
1 National Institute of Technology, Mizoram - 796 012, IN
2 SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Modinagar - 201 204, IN
3 CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar - 751 013, IN
1 National Institute of Technology, Mizoram - 796 012, IN
2 SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Modinagar - 201 204, IN
3 CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar - 751 013, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 116, No 3 (2019), Pagination: 463-468Abstract
The main aim of the present study is to develop a new method to recover gold and other precious metals such as copper, silver, etc. with the judicious combination of microwave heating and acid leaching of e-waste samples like printed circuit board of computers, mobiles, electronic devices, etc. In the present study, microwave heating is much required for segregation of melted plastics and metals from e-waste and it also generates high temperature in much lesser time. The investigation basically consists of seven stages, i.e. heating the e-waste using microwave energy, grinding, physical separation of molten plastics and metal slag followed by leaching in nitric acid, leaching in aqua regia for unreacted materials, removing with concentrated nitric acid and washing and purifying the metal deposits. The results obtained from XRD, FESEM-EDAX and TEM studies confirm that precious metals like gold and silver can be obtained with the new method, which is also an environmental friendly approach.Keywords
Aqua Leaching, EDAX, E-waste Sample, FESEM, Image Mapping, Microwave Heating, TEM, XRD.Full Text
References
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- Dey, S. and Jana, T., E-waste recycling technology patents filed in India -an analysis. J. Intell. Prop. Rights, 2014, 19, 315-324.
- Buekens, Alfons and Jie, Y., Recycling of WEEE plastics: a review. J. Mater. Cycles Waste, 2014, 16, 415-434.
- Balde, K., The Global E-waste Monitor 2014 -Quantities, flows and resources. United Nation University; https://i.unu.edu/media/ unu.edu/news/52624/UNU-1stGlobal-E-Waste-Monitor-2014-small.pdf
- Pant, D., Joshi, D., Manoj Upreti, K. and Ravindra, K. K., Chemical and biological extraction of metals present in e-waste: a hybrid technology. Waste Manage., 2012, 32, 979-990.
- Chaurasia, A., Singh, K. K. and Mankhand, T. R., Extraction of tin and copper by acid leaching of PCBs. Int. J. Metall. Eng., 2013, 2(2), 243-248.
- Bala, I. A. K. and Hassan, M. A. A., Thermal plasma treatment of wastes: a review. Aust. J. Basic Appl. Sci., 2015, 9(31), 322-333.
- Biswajit, R., Thermal plasma treatment of mobile phone waste under reduced condition. Int. J. Environ. Sci., 2012, 2(4), 1-8.
- Cerqueira, N., Vandensteendam, C., Baronnet, J. M. and Girold, C., Heavy metals volatility during thermal plasma vitrification of mineral waste. Environ. Eng. Sci., 2004, 21(1), 83-92.
- Abdul, K., Rhamdhani, M. A., Brooks, G. and Syed, M., Metal extraction processes for electronic waste and existing industrial routes: a review and Australian perspective. Resources, 2014, 3, 152-179.
- Cheng, T. W., Chu, J. P., Tzeng, C. C. and Chen, Y. S., Treatment and recycling of incinerated ash using thermal plasma technology. Waste Manage., 22(5), 485-490.
- Srikant, S. S., Mukherjee, P. S. and Rao, R. B., Morphological characterization of titania slag obtained from red sediment placer ilmenite using microwave energy. J. Inst. Eng. India Ser. D, 2015, 96, 43-49.
- Srikant, S. S., Mukherjee, P. S. and Rao, R. B., Prospects of microwave energy in material and mineral processing. Turk. J. Eng. Sci. Technol., 2013, 2, 23-31.
- Pickles, C. A., Microwaves in extractive metallurgy: Part 1 -A review of fundamental. Miner. Eng., 2009, 22, 1102-1111.
- Srikant, S. S., Mukherjee, P. S. and Rao, R. B., Microwave energy for waste management. Mineral Process. Technol., 2013, 3, 948-953.
- Srikant, S. S., Mahapatra, R. P. and Laxmi, T., Microwave energy for waste used engine oil. The Institution of Engineers (India) Odisha State J., 2015, 1, 255-261.
- Preparation of Nanomaterials from Strategic Placer Heavy Minerals Recovered from Red Sediments of Badlands Topography along the Southeast Coast of India
Abstract Views :229 |
PDF Views:87
Authors
Affiliations
1 Indian Rare Earths Limited, Chatrapur 760 002, IN
2 SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Modinagar 201 204, IN
3 C.V. Raman College of Engineering, Bhubaneswar 752 054, IN
4 The Techno School, Bhubaneswar 751 019, IN
5 CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751 013, IN
1 Indian Rare Earths Limited, Chatrapur 760 002, IN
2 SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Modinagar 201 204, IN
3 C.V. Raman College of Engineering, Bhubaneswar 752 054, IN
4 The Techno School, Bhubaneswar 751 019, IN
5 CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751 013, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 116, No 8 (2019), Pagination: 1363-1372Abstract
This article deals with heavy placer mine to metals and materials, especially preparation of nanomaterials from strategic minerals of placer deposits which are derived from the badlands topography existing along the east coast of India. In the present study, red sediment samples were collected from the badlands and subjected to physical separation processes to recover high-grade individual placer heavy minerals for valueaddition, which includes preparation of titanium oxide, titania slag, titanium oxide nanomaterials from comminuated ilmenite mineral as well as preparation of zircon flour, and zirconia nanomaterials from natural zircon mineral.Keywords
Badlands Topography, Beneficiation, Heavy Minerals, Leaching, Nanomaterials.Full Text
References
- Babu, N., Vasumathi, N. and Rao, R. B., Recovery of ilmenite and other heavy minerals from Teri sands (red sands) of Tamil Nadu, India. J. Miner. Mater. Character. Eng., 2009, 8, 149–159.
- Laxmi, T. and Rao, R. B., Badland topography of coastal belt red sediment deposits of India: a potential resource for industrial minerals. Mines Miner. Rep., 2010, 3, 12–18.
- Yuan, S., Chen, W. and Hu, S., Fabrication of TiO2 nanoparticles/ surfactant polymer complex film on glassy carbon electrode. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2005, 25, 479–485.
- Zhang, L., Zhu, Y., He, Y., Li, W. and Sun, H., Preparation and performances of mesoporous TiO2 film photocatalyst supported on stainless steel. Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 2003, 40, 287–292.
- Mubarak, A. K., Shauk, M. M. K., Mahir, A. M., Sabia, S., Jahid, M. M. I. and Jasim, U., Sensitization of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide solar cells using natural dyes: influence of acids medium on coating formulation. Am. Acad. Scholar. Res. J., 2012, 4(5), 1–10.
- Ranjbar, M., Yousefi, M., Lahooti, M. and Malekzadeh, A., Preparation and characterization of tetragonal zirconium oxide nanocrystals from iso-phthalic acid–zirconium (IV) nano-composite as a new precursor. Int. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 2012, 8, 191–196.
- Behbahani, A., Rowshanzamir, S. and Esmaeilifar, A., Hydrothermal synthesis of zirconia nanoparticles from commercial zirconia. Proc. Eng., 2012, 42, 992–1003.
- Aysar, S. K., Elias, S., Zakaria, A. and Soltani, N., Structural and optical properties of zirconia nanoparticles by thermal treatment synthesis. J. Nanomater., 2016, Article ID 1913609.
- Rouge, A. L. et al., Synthesis and nonlinear optical properties of zirconia-protected gold nanoparticles embedded in sol–gel derived silica glass. Mater. Res. Exp., 2015, 2, doi:10.1088/2053-1591/2/ 5/055009.
- Laxmi, T., Nishad, P., Jayadevan, K. E. and Rao, R. B., Textural and concentration pattern of heavy minerals in red sediments of badlands topography Bhimunipatnam, Visakhapatnam Dist., India. J. Min. Metallur., 2011, 47, 75–91.
- Brian, R. D. and Joseph, A. R., Process for manufacturing titanium dioxide, US patent 4288418A, 1980.
- Sindlinger, C. J. and Clayton, C. C., Process for preparing alkali metal zirconate from zircon. US patent US2962346A, 1960.
- Singh, A. K., Pathak, L. C. and Roy, S. K., Effect of citric acid on the synthesis of nano-crystalline yttria stabilized zirconia powders by nitrate–citrate process. Ceram. Int., 2007, 33, 1463–1468.
- Sunita, R., Development of flowsheet for recovery of individual heavy minerals from SE coast of India with special reference to in-depth characterization of zircon minerals. Ph D thesis, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, India, 2011.
- Laxmi, T., Development of flow sheet for recovery of individual heavy minerals from the badlands topography of SE coast of India and its value addition. Ph D thesis, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, India, 2013.
- Srikant, S. S., Jayasankar, K., Mukherjee, P. S. and Rao, R. B., Effect of microwave heat treatment on grindability of zircon in a planetary ball mill. AT Int. – Min. Process., 2013, 54, 55–63.
- Srikant, S. S., Microwave processing of beach placer heavy minerals. Ph D thesis, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, India, 2014.
- Optimization for Single- and Double-Electrode High-Tension Separators using Surface Methodology to Recover Titanium Minerals from Red Sediments, Odisha, India
Abstract Views :214 |
PDF Views:73
Authors
Affiliations
1 Uranium Corporation of India Limited, Jaduguda Mines, East Simghbhum, Jharkhand 832 102, IN
2 SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Modinagar 201 204, IN
3 CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751 013, IN
4 Department of Fuel and Mineral Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Dhanbad 826 004, IN
1 Uranium Corporation of India Limited, Jaduguda Mines, East Simghbhum, Jharkhand 832 102, IN
2 SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Modinagar 201 204, IN
3 CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751 013, IN
4 Department of Fuel and Mineral Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Dhanbad 826 004, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 119, No 4 (2020), Pagination: 695-699Abstract
This study deals with the optimization of operating parameters of single- and double-electrode high tension electrostatic separators (HTS) using response surface methodology (RSM). The parametric optimization takes into account feed rate, temperature and drum speed as major operating variables. The objective is to recover titanium-bearing minerals such as ilmenite and rutile from red sediment deposits of badlands in Odisha, India, by optimizing the operating parameters of single- and double-electrode HTS. We predict titanium-bearing minerals recovery as a function of feed rate, temperature and drum speed. The optimized response was validated against data derived from both HTS test works comprising (i) mineral grade, (ii) mineral recovery and (iii) process yield. The study describes the optimization procedure using RSM and MATLAB. RSM was used for optimizing the criteria for separation of titanium-bearing minerals by varying feed rate, temperature and drum speed. It was observed that factors like maximum yield %, grade % and recovery % for ilmenite using doubleelectrode HTS method were better than singleelectrode HTS method. Thus, it can be concluded on the basis of overall performance from both experimental and predicted values, that the double-electrode HTS method is better than the single-electrode HTS method, particularly from the grade and recovery point of view.Keywords
Badlands Topography, High-tension Separator, Red Sediments, Single And Double Electrodes, Titaniumbearing Minerals.Full Text